Grasping grasp BMI
Expressions such as 'give my right arm' or 'right-hand man' highlight the importance of limb movements in daily activities. Injuries, disease or ageing can affect our movement, which in turn negatively impacts our quality of life.
BMI, also known as brain–machine interface, could prove to be the answer for those with loss of mobility. Such interfaces could provide commands that drive machines or movements and compensate for dysfunctional neurological circuitry.
EU-funded researchers worked on elucidating the neural circuitry required for skilled hand movements to apply this knowledge and develop a BMI with good grasp control through the project 'Grasp-related neuronal activity in monkey and human and its applicability in BMI' (GRASP CONTROL & BMI).
Researchers recorded intracortical single-unit activity and local field potentials (LFPs) in the macaque brain and also studied non-invasive human magnetoencephalograms. Areas of the brain investigated include the primary motor cortex, ventral pre-motor cortex and boundary areas between the two.
Research results provide insight into the role of LFPs and mirror neurons in movement control, grasp-related neuronal activity and grasp-specific properties of neuronal signals. Researchers noted some non-overlap in the functional neuronal networks involved in movement execution and observation. They also identified and implemented techniques that eliminate contamination of intracortical LFP signals.
Research outcomes were disseminated via publications in papers, manuscripts, talks and conference abstracts. Knowledge engendered during this project also provided the basis for six collaborative projects out of which four are ongoing.
Many patients with spinal injury rue the loss of skilled grasp the most. Project findings have laid the foundation for future and ongoing research on development of BMIs with good grasp control. Applications include rehabilitation as well as medical care of amputees and paralysed patients.
published: 2015-04-16